Spherical dished ends are loaded by inner or outer overpressure and by the flange joint. The stress intensification is taken into account in the form of coefficients in the transition zone between spherical part and flange. Because these coefficients depend on the geometry, the design requires an iterative procedure.
Spherical dished ends with loose flange, spherical dished ends with reinforced flange, and spherical dished ends with the same wall thickness in head and flange can be dimensioned with the module B4.
Calculations can be performed with the Euronorm modules SUIP and SUEP as well.
AD 2000 Merkblaetter